Coaching practices for How to Encode Information Better

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Does this sound like the set of challenges you might be facing?

  • I figured more is better, so I cram in every word and every image at once and narrate the picture line by line
  • I read something and immediately copy it down word-for-word and move on, and it never actually lands
  • I encode a number with a great vivid image and assume it’ll just stay
  • I learn everything in just one channel
  • I understand a concept in the moment but it leaves no hook to grab onto later, so it just evaporates

Practices that may help

  1. Cut redundant words when the visual already says it
    Do not narrate a self-explanatory diagram word for word — it overloads, not reinforces.
    Dual Coding: Learn With Words and Pictures Together
  2. Process new information by its meaning, not its form
    Ask what something means, how it connects to what you know, and why it matters — not just what it looks like or sounds like.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  3. Review and maintain encoded numbers before they fade
    Walk your number encodings at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month to keep them durable.
    The Major System: Encode Numbers as Words
  4. Use multiple modalities to encode information, not just one
    Read about it, draw it, say it aloud, and use it in an example — all in one session.
    The Learning Styles Myth: What the Research Actually Says
  5. Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
    Craik and Lockhart’s (1972) levels of processing framework proposes that memory is a by-product of the type of processing performed on incoming information: shallow processing (appearance, sound) produces weak, short-lived traces, while deep processing (meaning, elaboration, connection to prior knowledge) produces strong, durable ones. The implication for learning is that how you engage with material matters more than how many times you see it.
  6. Elaborate new information with examples, images, and stories
    Create a specific example, a mental image, or a story connecting new information to something already meaningful to you.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  7. Amplify images with sensory detail and emotion
    Add sound, smell, movement, and emotion to your mental image to make it stick.
    Peg System Mnemonics, Made Practical
  8. Link new information to your own life and identity
    Ask how the new information applies to you personally — self-referential encoding is one of the deepest processing routes known.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  9. Extend to the Person-Action-Object (PAO) system
    Assign a person, an action, and an object to each two-digit number to compress large sequences.
    The Major System: Encode Numbers as Words
  10. Put words and pictures together, not apart
    Place labels on the diagram, not in a caption your eyes have to hunt for.
    Dual Coding: Learn With Words and Pictures Together

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