Coaching practices for Levels of Processing Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember in a New Job

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Does this sound like the set of challenges you might be facing?

  • I read something and immediately copy it down word-for-word and move on, and it never actually lands
  • I study things in the abstract, as interesting ideas floating free of me, and they slip away
  • I understand a concept in the moment but it leaves no hook to grab onto later, so it just evaporates
  • I keep trying to hold onto abstract principles purely as abstractions and they just decay on me
  • I think I understand something until I try to actually say it out loud to someone, and then I fall apart at the parts I’d glossed over

Practices that may help

  1. Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
    Craik and Lockhart’s (1972) levels of processing framework proposes that memory is a by-product of the type of processing performed on incoming information: shallow processing (appearance, sound) produces weak, short-lived traces, while deep processing (meaning, elaboration, connection to prior knowledge) produces strong, durable ones. The implication for learning is that how you engage with material matters more than how many times you see it.
  2. Process new information by its meaning, not its form
    Ask what something means, how it connects to what you know, and why it matters — not just what it looks like or sounds like.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  3. Link new information to your own life and identity
    Ask how the new information applies to you personally — self-referential encoding is one of the deepest processing routes known.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  4. Elaborate new information with examples, images, and stories
    Create a specific example, a mental image, or a story connecting new information to something already meaningful to you.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  5. Ground abstract concepts in concrete, physical instances
    An abstract concept understood only abstractly decays faster than the same concept grounded in a concrete, sensory example.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  6. Explain the material to someone else — real or imagined
    Teaching forces you to process at the deepest level: organizing information coherently, identifying gaps, and translating to another person’s perspective.
    Levels of Processing: Why Depth of Encoding Determines What You Remember
  7. Build chunks through repeated pattern recognition
    Turn a recurring pattern into a single named unit you recognize instantly.
    Chunking: How to Learn More by Grouping Better
  8. Amplify images with sensory detail and emotion
    Add sound, smell, movement, and emotion to your mental image to make it stick.
    Peg System Mnemonics, Made Practical
  9. Limit the number of novel items per session
    Introduce no more than 5–7 genuinely new concepts in a single learning session.
    Chunking: How to Learn More by Grouping Better
  10. Use what you forget as a diagnostic, not a verdict
    Track which items are forgotten at each review interval — that pattern reveals the structure of your knowledge gaps more accurately than any self-assessment.
    The Forgetting Curve: How Memory Decays and How to Fight It

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