Understand what the sentence completion test actually reads

Before you trust or dismiss an ego development score, learn how it is produced and what it can and cannot say.

なぜ効果があるのか

An ego level is not a judgment of what a person believes but a rating of how their responses are structured. In the Washington University Sentence Completion Test, each of 36 endings is rated on its own, out of context, against a manual built from many observed responses, and the item ratings are combined into a total protocol rating. Knowing this makes a result easier to hold: it is a careful reading of one written sample, with known strengths and known limits, not a verdict.

やり方

1. If you have a result, find out which test it came from and whether a trained rater scored it against the published manual.
2. Remember that the score summarizes 36 separate responses; ask whether you can see the item-level pattern, not just the total.
3. Consider the day you took it. Strain, hurry, or trying to make an impression can all move responses.
4. Treat the result as one data point to discuss with someone trained in the method, alongside what people who know you observe.
5. If the result surprised you, notice which reaction comes first — dismissing it or believing it entirely — and hold off on both.

エビデンス

Loevinger (1973) describes the 36-stem test, item-by-item rating out of context, the total protocol rating, and studies of faking: almost anyone could deliberately lower their score, mostly to the Self-protective level; almost half of the men told to fake higher could raise their level, usually by no more than half a step, and raters could usually spot protocols faked low but found faked-high ones harder to identify. Loevinger (1979) reported internal consistency of about .85 and concluded the test is adequate for research when carefully administered and scored, but not for individual diagnosis unsupported by other data. A later critical review found substantial empirical support for the theory and the test (Manners & Durkin, 2001). (observational)

Loevinger (1979) noted that the evidence, while substantial, falls short of clear proof that the stages form a strict sequence. A single score is an estimate with error.

出典

• Loevinger, J. (1973). Recent Research on Ego Development. Paper presented in part to the Society for Research in Child Development, Philadelphia. ERIC Document ED 078 066.
• Loevinger, J. (1979). Construct Validity of the Sentence Completion Test of Ego Development. Applied Psychological Measurement, 3(3), 281–311.
• Manners, J., & Durkin, K. (2001). A Critical Review of the Validity of Ego Development Theory and Its Measurement. Journal of Personality Assessment, 77(3), 541–567.
• Hy, L. X., & Loevinger, J. (1996). Measuring Ego Development (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (reissued by Psychology Press, 2014).

よくある間違い

Reading the score as a label for who you are. Loevinger herself said the test should not be used to diagnose an individual without other evidence — a caution that applies just as much when the individual is you.